Symposium 5.2: Entwicklungspsychologie im Kontext von Gesundheit und Krankheit
Raum: 304
Vorsitz:
Ferdinand Hoffmann
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Children with Maltreatment Exposure Exhibit Rumination-like Spontaneous Thought Patterns: Association with Symptoms of Depression, Subcallosal Cingulate Cortex Thickness, and Cortisol Levels
Hoffmann F 1, Linz R 2, Steinbeis N 3, Bauer M 1, Dammering F 4, Lazarides C 4, Klawitter H 1, Bentz L 5, Entringer S 1, 6, Winter SM 5, Buss C 1, 6, Heim C 1, 7
1 Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Medical Psychology, Berlin
2 Research Group “Social Stress and Family Health“, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig
3 Division of Psychology and Language Sciences, Faculty of Brain Sciences, University College London, London
4 Berlin
5 Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Berlin
6 Development, Health, and Disease Research Program, University of California, Irvine, Orange, CA
7 Department of Biobehavioral Health, College of Health & Human Development, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA
Childhood maltreatment is associated with pervasive risk for depression. However, the immediate cognitive and neural mechanisms that mediate this risk during development are unknown. We here studied the impact of maltreatment on self-generated thought (SGT) patterns and their association with depressive symptoms, subcallosal cingulate cortex (SCC) thickness, and cortisol levels in children.
We recruited 183 children aged 6 to 12 years, 96 of which were exposed to maltreatment. Children performed a mind wandering task to elicit SGTs. A subgroup of children underwent structural magnetic resonance imaging (N=155) for SCC thickness analyses and saliva collection for quantification of free cortisol concentrations (N=126) was collected. Using network analysis, we assessed thought networks and compared these networks between children with and without maltreatment exposure. Using multilevel analyses, we then tested the association between thought networks of children with maltreatment exposure with depressive symptoms, SCC thickness, and cortisol levels.
Children exposed to maltreatment generated fewer positively-valenced thoughts. Network analysis revealed rumination-like thought patterns in children with maltreatment exposure, which were associated with depressive symptoms, SCC thickness and cortisol levels. Children with maltreatment exposure further exhibited decreased future-self thought coupling, which was associated with depressive symptoms, while other-related and past-oriented thoughts had the greatest importance within the network.
Using a novel network analytic approach, we provide evidence that children exposed to maltreatment exhibit ruminative clustering of thoughts, which is associated with depressive symptoms and neurobiological correlates of depression. Our results provide a specific target that is amenable to early psychological intervention. Targeting thought patterns in children with maltreatment exposure may be an effective strategy in modifying depression risk.
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Characterizing the association between maternal stress during pregnancy and a brain function via polyneuro risk scores for general cognitive ability in newborns
Pittner K 1, O’Donovan F 1, Bauer M 1, Moog NK 1, Wadhwa PD 2, 3, Entringer S 1, 2, O’Connor TG 4, Moore ML 5, Grimsrud G 5, Byington N 5, 6, Fair DF 5, 7, 8, Graham AM 9, Rasmussen JM 2, 10, Miranda-Dominguez O 5, 6, 8, 7, Buss C 1, 2
1 Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Medical Psychology, Berlin
2 Development, Health and Disease Research Program, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California
3 Departments of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Pediatrics, Obstetrics and Gynecology, and Epidemiology, University of California, Irvine, California
4 Departments of Psychiatry, Psychology, Neuroscience, Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York
5 Masonic Institute for the Developing Brain, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota
6 Minnesota Supercomputing Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
7 Institute of Child Development, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
8 Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota
9 Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland OR
10 Department of Pediatrics, University of California, Irvine, California
Maternal psychosocial distress during pregnancy has been shown to be associated with impaired cognitive development in infants and toddlers. This association is likely partially mediated by changes in brain development including resting state connectivity. Recent work has demonstrated that sample sizes in the thousands are required to detect robust and reproducible associations between complex phenotypes such as cognitive ability and brain-wide features. These sample sizes are not yet available in infant neuroimaging. The polyneuro risk score (PNRS) method has been developed to leverage large sample sizes of population-based studies like the ABCD study. This method determines the associative strength (beta-weights) of each feature in a set of brain features (for instance, brain-wide resting state connections). These beta-weights are then applied to a new test data set and summed to calculate a PNRS for each subject. Previous work in 5,786 adolescents from the ABCD cohort has shown that the resting state PNRS for general cognitive ability explains between 15 and 21% variance. The aim of this study is to apply PNRS for general cognitive ability from the ABCD study to infant resting state data and test whether maternal psychosocial distress during pregnancy is associated with the PNRS for general cognitive ability. Resting state data from 100 infants is available. The PNRS from the ABCD cohort has already been generated. The next steps are to apply the beta-values from the adolescent ABCD sample to the infant cohort and calculate the PNRS for each infant. We expect that psychosocial distress during pregnancy is associated with a lower PNRS for general cognitive ability.
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Women of Turkish origin exhibit higher stress levels during pregnancy: Results from a prospective cohort study
Scholaske L 1, 2, Spallek J 3, Entringer S 4, 5
1 Department for Human Medicine, MSB Medical School Berlin, Berlin
2 German Center for Integration and Migration Research (DeZIM), Berlin
3 Fachgebiet Gesundheitswissenschaften, Brandenburgische TU Cottbus-Senftenberg, Senftenberg
4 Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Medical Psychology, Berlin
5 Department of Pediatrics, and Development, Health and Disease Research Program University of California, Irvine, California
Health inequalities exist between people with and without a migration background in many societies. These inequalities seem to be perpetuated to the offspring generation born in the host country. This phenomenon is also observed among people of Turkish origin in Germany. Stress psychological and stress biological processes during pregnancy may play an important role in how maternal conditions may be transmitted to the child. We present here findings on the role of Turkish migration background for psychological stress experiences and stress biology during pregnancy.
140 pregnant women (81 non-migrant German, 33 of Turkish origin, 26 of other origin) participated in a prospective cohort study that was carried out in Bielefeld and Berlin and that encompassed two study visits during pregnancy at first and second trimester pregnancy (Spallek et al., 2020). At both study visits, we derived concentrations of maternal inflammatory markers (CRP, IL-6) and diurnal cortisol profiles, and participants completed the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) and Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CESD).
Multilevel models showed that Turkish-origin women had increased inflammatory levels (Spallek et al., 2021), a blunted cortisol awakening response and flatter diurnal cortisol slope (Entringer et al., 2022), and they exhibited higher levels of perceived stress and depressive symptoms during pregnancy compared to non-migrant women after adjustment for socioeconomic factors.
Women of Turkish origin show increased stress levels on the psychological and biological level during pregnancy. The potential role of this elevated stress for the offspring’s health is subject to future analyses.
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Refugee Children in Berlin: War and Migration-related Trauma and Biological Embedding
Ramadan A 1, Calvano C 2, Buss C 1, 3, Binder E 4, Winter SM 5, Entringer S 1, 3, Heim C 1, 6
1 Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Medical Psychology, Berlin
2 Freie Universität Berlin, Department of Education and Psychology, Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology and Psychotherapy, Berlin
3 Development, Health, and Disease Research Program, University of California, Irvine, California
4 Department of Translational Research in Psychiatry, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, München
5 Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Berlin
6 Department of Biobehavioral Health, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA
The ever-growing number of refugee children dramatically increases the disease and public health burden related to early-life stress (ELS). The combination of exposure to violence in their countries of origin, followed by migration and resettlement into a new context often accompanied by socioeconomic adversity exposes them to several and cumulative risks to their mental and physical health. So far, no studies have systematically examined the mechanisms of biological embedding of war- and migration-related trauma in this highly vulnerable group of children. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of war- and migration-related experiences on psychiatric and physical symptom manifestation and developmental outcomes and to identify biological embedding profiles underlying symptom development.
A quasi-experimental prospective multivariate design was applied, enrolling a sample of N=47 child refugees aged 6-12 years who fled to Berlin mainly from Syria, and N=169 age-matched non-exposed children living in Berlin. Assessments included measures of mental and physical health, developmental status, psychobiological markers and multimodal neuroimaging.
Analyses are still ongoing, but preliminary results suggest a significant association between trauma severity and behavioral and emotional problems as well as somatic complaints. Furthermore, refugee children exhibited greater numbers of psychiatric diagnoses and show a significant delay in cognitive and motoric development compared to non-exposed children. Trauma exposure and severity were associated with inflammatory markers, providing first evidence for biological embedding of war- and migration-related experiences in children.
Results will critically inform targeted public health strategies to promote future welfare and healthcare of refugee children.
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